THEORY OF COMPUTER NETWORKING

THEORY OF COMPUTER NETWORKING

NETWORKING: It can be defined as a group of computer and associated devices that are connected by communication devices such as telephone line, cable and modem.

      A modem is a communication device responsible for the transmission of digital signals into analogue signal and vice versa. It is also a group of computer joined together with a commercial link.

 COMPUTER NETWORKING: This is the inter-connection of group of computers so that they can easily share resources (information) such as document and printer together.

TYPES OF COMPUTER NETWORKING

There are different types of computer Network, they are:

1.      LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN)

This is conferred to one building and has a size of one kilometer. They are few systems present. LAN is mostly used to link with each other, especially in area where many computers uses one printer.

2.     METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN)

These have a size of one to one hundred kilometer. It covers a metropolis such as city; campus etc users can exchange data on their computers within the MAN.

3.     WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN)

This is a network that covers several cities, states, and even countries. It can span the whole earth in connection with different geographical location. WAN is used where large computers are distributed around a vast geographical area e.g. Internet.

4.     PERSONAL AREA NETWORK(PAN)

Pan is a computer network around an individual. In order words, it is a network on you that usually uses short range wireless technology. A user can transfer data on the network using a computer, a cell phone or hand-held computing device such as a PDA etc .A cable may not be necessary for this type of network. Bluetooth or infrared are mainly used.

5.     HOME AREA NETWORK (HAN)

This uses cables, wired or wireless connection to connect a home’s digital devices, for example, fax machine, computer, DVD etc.

6.     GARDEN AREA NETWORK(GAN)

A similar system such as HAN would also be GAN. It allows for one system to control such devices such as garden lights, sprinkler systems and alarm systems. GAN also stands for Global Area Network.

7. INTERNET: An Internet is a global data communication system that interconnects different networks. It is a network of all the above mentioned networks.