LANGUAGE TRANSLATORS

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LANGUAGE TRANSLATORS
A language translator is software that converts programs written in a source code into an object code that a computer understands. Translators as the name of suggest, translate human codes to a language understand by the computers. Translators require a programming language for their translation.
        Examples of high level programming languages that requires translators are: BASIC (Beginners all purpose symbolic instruction codes), FORTRAN (Formula Translator), COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language), PASCAL. Etc.

TYPES OF LANGUAGE TRANSLATORS
    Types of language translators they are:

·        ASSEMBLERS: An assembler converts an assembly program into machine code also known as the object code or object program.
·        COMPILERS: A compilers is a program that translates a high level language into machine code before execution. The turbo Pascal compiler, for example, translates a program written in Pascal into machine code that can be run on a P.C.
·        INTERPRETERS: An Interpreter is also a program that translates high level source code into executable, code during execution. However the difference between a compiler and an interpreter is that an interpreter translates one line at a time and then executes it.
·        EMULATORS: Emulator is a software or hardware that permits programs written for one computer to be run on another computer. 

PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
  A   programming language is a set of grammatical rules for instructing a computer to perform specific tasks. The term programming language usually refers to high –level languages such as BASIC, C, C++, COBOL, FORTRAN, ADA and PASCAL.

LEVELS OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
There are basically three major level of programming language.
·        Machine language
·        Low-level language
·        High-level language
1.      MACHINE LANGUAGE: Machine language is a system of impartible instructions executed directly by a computer’s central processing unit(C P U). It is the only language understood by computers. Machine languages are almost impossible for humans to use because they consist entirely of numbers, i.e., 1100111. It requires no translation. Therefore, it is difficult to write in machine language because the programmer must first of all memorize the machine operational codes. This language is machine dependent, this means that a program written in a machine language on a computer can only run on that particular computer. Machine languages are Low-level languages.
2.      LOW-LEVEL LANGUAGE: Low-level languages are machine oriented. It can be converted to machine code without using a compiler or interpreter, and the resulting code runs directly on the processor.
  Typical example of low-level languages is the Assembly language. Low-level languages are closer to the hardware than the high-level programming languages, which are closer to human languages.
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE: assembly languages have the same structure and set of commands as machine languages but they enable a programmer to use names instead of numbers. It uses mnemonic codes or symbols such as ADD for addition, STO for stop, SUB, for subtraction etc. Assembly language programs are translated into machine language by software called Assembler.
3. HIGH-LEVEL LANGUAGE: High level languages are considered high-level because they are closer to human languages. However, high level programming languages are problem oriented languages and machine independent.
  The following are classical examples of high-level programming languages: FORTRAN {formula translator}, COBOL {common Business oriented language}, BASIC {Beginners All-purpose symbolic instruction code}, PASCAL, JAVA, C, C++, etc.

FEATURES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
Common features of the three levels of programming languages are:
MACHINE LANGUAGE:
1.     computer can understand and execute it directly
2.     It uses binary
3.     It is machine dependent
4.     Time consuming.
LOW LEVEL LANGUAGE:
1.     Mnemonic codes are used in writing the programs.
2.     Symbolic addresses are used instead of machine addresses.
3.     Very clumsy method of program writing.
HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGES:
1.     It is a compilation of symbol, sentences and words.
2.     The high level language is a problem oriented language.
3.     It is machine independent
4.     It comprises of sets of rules that must be obeyed
5.     It is translated into machine code instructions.


EXAMPLES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
Common examples of programming languages are:
1.     Pascal
2.     Cobol
3.     Java
4.     visual
5.     Fortran
6.     C++
7.     C # pronounced C sharp, etc.

Comments

  1. Computer ScienceJune 10, 2022 at 3:01 AM

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  2. crystal huesAugust 22, 2023 at 9:08 PM

    Boost your international communication with Crystalhues' innovative Machine language translator. This remarkable tool leverages state-of-the-art natural language processing (NLP) algorithms coupled with progressive deep learning models. Machine translation post editing services, a feature of our product, involves the enhancement and refinement of machine-generated translations by skilled human linguists. Even though machine translation algorithms have evolved tremendously, they still can't replicate the subtleties and cultural context that only human translators can provide.

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